Encapsulation for efficient electrical injection of photonic crystal defect mode surface-emitting lasers

Abstract

We propose and report an encapsulated photonic crystal concept for efficient electrical injection of photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers. Detailed rate equation analysis reveals a significant threshold current reduction by minimizing the surface-state-induced carrier loss. The impact of encapsulation on the photonic band gap is discussed for different encapsulation conditions. Experimental results on encapsulation process are reported, based on nanoparticle self-assembly. © 2006 American Institute of Physics.